The telecom industry is all set to spend $6.2 billion on agentic AI by 2030. Agentic AI systems that can rationalise and decide independently will be a major enabler of the cognitive broadband era, changing networks from basic connectivity to autonomous optimisation and AI-powered infrastructures.

According to the president of fixed networks with Nokia, Sandy Motley, AI makes your end-users less likely to churn, your engineering and helpdesk teams more productive, and your field teams connect more homes more quickly. Nokia’s Agentic AI puts 600+ million lines’ worth of broadband experience at the fingertips of every field technician, helpdesk agent, and network engineer and solves problems before the customer is even aware. We are fundamentally changing how home and broadband networks are deployed and run.

As part of new agentic AI in homes and broadband networks, Nokia employs AI agents as well as natural language interactions in its Altiplano and Corteca as well as Broadband Easy platforms in order to help telecom providers modernise their processes and cut costs. Operators can actively fix problems, optimise operations with no added headcount and identify network-related issues by means of automated root-cause assessment. The AI agents will provide immediate, tangible advantages for operators, such as raising initial contact helpdesk resolution rates over 50%, qualifying network occurrences in less than 5 minutes, and reducing return trips to construction sites and connected homes by 50%.

The new agentic AI in homes and broadband networks is based on open and safe conduct that combines AI agents, live data and external services, with guarantees surrounding regulation, the privacy of data and vendor liberty. Operators have complete control and may utilise an LLM suitable for their particular use case, deploy their own interfaces, or connect sources of data when they deploy AI across their business.

Says Grant Lenahan, Partner and Principal Analyst with Appledore Research, “AI only works with quality data and when data is AI-ready. Our recent market outlook on AI in network automation underscored that the industry is rapidly moving to build infrastructure capable of enabling powerful, successful AI. Vendors like Nokia that combine deep domain expertise with real-world scale are best positioned to deliver reliable outcomes. Nokia’s approach reflects many of the right architectural principles, including autonomous control loops, structured data models, and open APIs, which are critical to making automation easy and AI responses accurate.”

Nokia’s new AI capabilities go ahead and cover the entire broadband network lifecycle. They improve end-user experience and enhance productivity for customer care, network engineering & operations as well as field force teams –

• A chat-based AI assistant offers technicians and assistance teams immediate access to product knowledge, speeding up training and routine troubleshooting.
• AI-powered text, voice, and image guidance assist field technicians throughout surveys and installations, and computer vision technology assists in verifying the standard of work done and creating a live digital twin of the FTTH network.
• Automated diagnostics to detect the degradation and avoid the outages, providing the frontline support teams higher levels of operational precision and depth of analysis.
• An intelligent troubleshooting agent enhances the root cause analysis and accelerates remediation efforts throughout home and access networks, employing sophisticated reasoning in order to identify errors faster, lower ticket volumes and boost first call resolution rates.

Samuel Nartey George, the minister for communication, digital technology and innovations, said that the policy is anticipated to substantially lower implementation costs for telecom operators and bolster the digital infrastructure drive in Ghana. Mr George said this at the 15th anniversary soft launch of the Ghana Chamber of Telecommunications.

According to the minister, the policy is to embed fibre infrastructure into existing government road construction projects as part of the Big Push programme.

Under the proposed arrangement, road contractors who are building new roads will need to include fibre chambers within the road designs so that telecom companies can go ahead and lay fibre cables and avoid separate digging works.

George went on to explain that there will not be any duplication of civil works and capital expenditure associated with expanding the network, as the telecom providers will just need to get right-of-way access and lay fibre by means of the already constructed chambers.

Some estimates happen to suggest that the Dig Once policy in Ghana might reduce the cost of rolling out fibre in Ghana by almost 60%.

Mr George said at present road contractors and telecom operators conduct separate excavation work, which is adding to the cost of infrastructure unnecessarily. He said that the use of fibre chambers in road building would be a more cost-efficient and effective method of creating infrastructure.

The draft policy framework has been finalised by the ministry after including the suggestions from the Ministry of Roads and Highways, as the initiative has a cross-sector impact, says the minister.

The final draft was received recently and is scheduled to be presented to the Cabinet for approval, with the government aiming for approval for implementation by the third quarter of 2026, he said.

Mr George said the initiative promises hope for a digital economy that could very well be transformative for Ghana. He said lower fibre costs for deployment should be the foundation for more network expansion, improved internet access and decreased data costs for consumers.

He said the policy is projected to bring in long-term efficiency gains within the telecommunications industry while at the same time promoting a wider digitalisation plan along with economic competitiveness in Ghana.

With the deep integration of artificial intelligence (AI), FTTR is now evolving toward self-sensing, self-optimizing, and self-operating intelligent networks, overcoming performance bottlenecks of traditional access systems. The AI+FTTR industry is transitioning from technology exploration to large-scale implementation. However, challenges remain such as the high cost of cabling in older buildings, multi-node synchronization difficulties, thermal and power consumption issues in 10Gbps transmission, and insufficient terminal-side computing power. Solving these will require coordinated efforts across the entire value chain. The upcoming CIOE – Information and Communication Expo serves as the central platform to bring together innovative solutions and gain insight into industry trends.

From Bottlenecks to Breakthroughs: How AI+FTTR Is Being Deployed

With continuous technological iteration and ecosystem collaboration, the AI+FTTR industry is moving from isolated innovations toward systemic maturity, reaching a turning point for large-scale deployment.

• Engineering deployment: The spread of pre-connectorized cabling and flexible wiring technologies has lowered deployment barriers in older buildings and complex campuses, enabling widespread FTTR adoption.
• Multi-node coordination: AI edge algorithms embedded in optical gateways and master devices enable dynamic optimization, automatic interference avoidance, and intelligent signal compensation making millisecond-level synchronization a reality and eliminating dead zones.
• Intelligent adaptation: The combination of lightweight AI models and cloud-based training enables FTTR systems to achieve “scene-adaptive” capabilities supporting not only home applications but also high-concurrency enterprise meetings, hotel security monitoring, and industrial data transmission.

For example, FiberHome’s 50G PON FTTR solution integrates AI and Wi-Fi 7 to create a 10Gbps access foundation. Sichuan Telecom and Huawei jointly launched an FTTR-B high-performance computing gateway that merges all-optical networking with general-purpose computing, intelligent computing, and storage. Its built-in AI algorithms optimize marketing copy and enhance collaborative office efficiency, empowering digital transformation across industries. Meanwhile, standardization efforts are accelerating, with chips, equipment, and algorithm vendors collaborating to clear the way for commercial-scale AI+FTTR deployment.

CIOE – Information and Communication Expo: A Hub for the Entire AI+FTTR Industry Chain

Taking place from September 9–11, 2026 at the Shenzhen World Exhibition & Convention Center, CIOE – Information and Communication Expo is a premier professional event in the optical communication field. It brings together key players across the entire AI+FTTR ecosystem from chips, components, and modules to equipment, solutions, and operations. It is an unmissable window for industry professionals to observe technological implementation paths, connect with quality resources, and identify solutions.

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Attendees will see key enablers of AI+FTTR deployment including 10G PON/50G PON devices, intelligent gateways, and optical transmission platforms, showcasing multi-scenario adaptation solutions for residential, enterprise, and urban applications – intuitively demonstrating the integration of AI algorithms with hardware equipment.

• UTSTARCOMhas made AI+FTTR its 2026 core strategy and plans to launch an AI intelligent FTTR prototype system in the second half of the year.
• C-DATAnewly launched its Wi-Fi 6 XGS-PON ONU series in April, supporting 10Gbps symmetric transmission, which is the preferred terminal for carrier FTTR upgrades.
• VSOLlaunched a compact FTTR solution for international operators, featuring a mini GPON OLT and Wi-Fi 7 optical terminal.

Representative companies include: Asterfusion, Baoshitong, BDCOM, BT-PON, C-DATA, FCTEL, Fullwell Optoelectronic, Goldenstar, Hairong, Hi-Net, HiOSO, HiStarlink, HORED, HSGQ, H3C, ISEELINK, Jingjia, KingType Technologies, Luster LightTech, Prevail, RUID ELE-TECH, Ruijie Networks, Saisi, Sanland, SINO-TELECOM, Sintai, Taclink, Triple-Stone, UTSTARCOM, Visint, VSOL, Wanshuo, Yingdakang, Yilut, Yufan Photonics, Zhenshi Communication, etc.

Core components are the “heart” of AI+FTTR technology and key to solving industrial bottlenecks. CIOE – Information and Communication Expo will highlight core chips adapted for high-speed optical modules, high-end optical modules supporting AI computing centers and backbone network transmission, and various optical devices ensuring low-loss, high-stability signal transmission. Accelink, Eoptolink, EverBright, HG Tech, and others will display related high-end products, including single-wavelength 200G chips and silicon photonics modules, helping resolve power consumption and heat dissipation challenges in 10G transmission. Additionally, some companies’ network management platforms have integrated AI fault prediction and automatic optimization functions, proactively deploying intelligent access network O&M systems to safeguard large-scale AI+FTTR deployment.

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Representative companies include: Accelink, ADT, AFR, Anritsu, ASMPT, Attach Point, Broadcom, C-DATA, CIG, Coherent, CORNING, Credo, Dawning Semi, Dinglong, Dioo Microcircuits, Dogain, Energy, Eoptolink, Everbright, EXFO, FiberHome, Flyin, FCTEL, GlobalFoundries, GigaDevice, Hengtong, Heyan Tech, HG Tech, Hi-Net, Hisilicon, Hitachi, H3C, ISEELINK, Jingchuang, Keysight, LASER X, Lieqi, Ligent Technologies, Lightera, Linktel, LongSight, Luxic, Luxshare Technology, Macom, MARVELL, MicroView, MRSI Systems, MTC RUIGU, MURATA, NOEIC, O-Net, Optowide, PHOGRAIN, Photontek, Pioseed, POET, PUNO, Qining Xinweidu, QXP, Ruijie Networks, Sanan, Santec, Schott, SDG, Semtech, Senko, SG Micro, Shijia, Sifotonics, Source Photonics, Suna, Taclink, T&S Communications, TFC, Thahoo, 3M, 3Peak, Tower, Tri-Light, Triple-Stone, US CONEC, UX IC, Viavi, VSOL, Wanshuo, Xphor, Xingqihang, Yokogawa, YOFC, Yongding, ZJEAGLES COMSEMI, ZTT, etc.

Concurrent Forum: Intelligent Upgrade and Applications of 10G Optical Access

During the exhibition, a concurrent forum “10 Gigabit Optical Access: AI+ Intelligent Upgrade and Application Forum” will be held. Currently, 168 10-gigabit optical network pilots have been launched across China. Driven by large AI models, the demand for high-bandwidth, low-latency connectivity in home, enterprise, and industrial settings is more urgent than ever. The evolution toward 50G-PON and FTTR agentic systems has become a key direction.

However, the industry still faces challenges in standard convergence, cost constraints, and AI-powered operations and maintenance. The forum will invite China’s three major telecom operators and upstream/downstream vendors to discuss technology progress and upgrade pathways, accelerating the access network’s move toward the 10-gigabit era.

Join Us in Shaping the All-Optical Intelligent Future

The AI+FTTR wave has arrived. The intelligent future of all-optical access is becoming reality. From refined engineering deployment to smart operations, from component breakthroughs to full-scenario solution rollouts, every step forward relies on collaboration across the industrial chain. CIOE – Information and Communication Expo is not only a window into industry change but also a critical node connecting technology with the market, and R&D with real-world applications.

We look forward to meeting you at this industry gathering from September 9-11, 2026 at Shenzhen World Exhibition & Convention Center for the new era of all-optical intelligence.

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The CEO of Algeria Telecom, Abdelghani Aït Saïd, presented the project on May 12, 2026, during a government meeting dedicated to the modernisation of telecom infrastructure and the substitution of copper networks which are ageing with fibre optic systems.

The telecommunications minister of Algeria, Sid Ali Zerrouki, has ordered officials to introduce 5G fixed wireless access, or 5G FWA, by the start of 2027 at the latest.

Faster Internet & Improved Network Efficiency

The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications says that the move from 4G LTE to 5G FWA and hence adopting 5G Wireless Home Internet Service in Algeria will do more than just boost broadband speeds.

The technology also ought to lower delay, increase stability of networks, and enhance the overall quality of connections nationwide, officials say.

5G FWA takes advantage of an innovative network structure designed to process more data with greater efficiency than older 4G systems developed for lower internet usage.

The authorities said the system should work more effectively in high-traffic areas, where current networks typically slow down when many individuals are connected at the same time.

The technology is expected to meet rising demand from households, companies, and public services that increasingly rely on internet-based platforms, remote work, streaming services, and digital communication tools.

Algeria promotes broadband development

The 5G rollout is incorporated in an overall national broadband strategy.

This year the government declared faster internet speed for fixed broadband subscribers and said it would phase out the usage of copper infrastructure by 2027 end.

Authorities intend to boost the international internet capacity of Algeria with two more submarine cables, such as the Medusa cable project anticipated by late 2026.

The country already has five undersea cables offering international connectivity.

Internet prices are still more than the affordability goal

But even with the anticipated upgrades, the cost of the internet continues to be an issue for certain users.

In 2025, the price of 5 gigabytes of fixed internet service in Algeria was 2.59% of gross national income per capita, as determined by data from the International Telecommunication Union.

This is still lower as compared to the African average of 15.1% but higher than the ITU affordability goal of 2%.

Algeria had 6.82 million fixed internet subscribers at the September 2025 end, as per data from the telecom regulator of the country.

Fibre subscriptions covered 37.6% of subscriptions, ahead of ADSL at 32.3% and fixed LTE at 30%, with fibre still being the most rapidly expanding segment of the market.

As Trinity platform is launched by MaxLinear, Inc., it is built for the next-gen of intelligent networks. Trinity delivers cloud-managed, AI-optimised backhaul infrastructure that allows operators to broaden 5G coverage while reducing installation and operational expenses via automation and also real-time network intelligence.

It is well to be noted that wireless backhaul is the crucial link which connects cell towers and radios to the central network. With the global surge of mobile data and 5G expanding to remote regions, service providers need wireless backhaul solutions that are easier to set up, more cost-effective and self-managing. Traditional approaches rely on manual provisioning and limited visibility, which results in slower and more expensive deployments, especially in markets with limited Average Revenue Per User – ARPU.

Industry analysts forecast solid growth for millimetre-wave technology as 5G networks consolidate and as the requirement for high-capacity wireless backhaul increases. The global millimetre wave technology marketplace is projected to expand from about $3 billion in 2024 to over $7 billion in 2029, at roughly 20% annual growth, driven partially by the demand for scalable, cloud-managed as well as AI-enabled telecom infrastructure.

The Trinity Platform – A Carrier-Grade and Highly Integrated Solution

URX processors are already deployed on major carrier networks around the world. The Trinity platform from MaxLinear integrates many backhaul functions into a single URX850 chip, taking advantage of the durability and structural enhancements of the URX platform to dramatically reduce the level of complexity, cost and power usage when it comes to the radio systems.

Trinity offers the Open Compute Project – OCP Switch Abstraction Interface SAI in order to strengthen the commitment of MaxLinear to open standards for smooth migration from legacy systems to software-defined, cloud-managed networks.

These advancements combine to put MaxLinear as the primary technology partner for carriers setting up next-generation wireless backhaul.

According to SVP & GM, Network Infrastructure and Carrier Business Unit at MaxLinear, Puneet Sethi, “We are excited about the capabilities of the Trinity platform, which reflect MaxLinear’s leadership in highly integrated system-on-chip solutions for wireless backhaul. Leveraging URX’s built-in AI acceleration and Trinity SAI API, our OEM customers can now deliver highly differentiated 10Gbps microwave and E-band radio systems that enable smarter tech with cost savings up to 50%.

What It Signifies for Original Equipment Manufacturers – OEMs

The Trinity platform enables equipment manufacturers to rapidly design and deliver more capable backhaul radios by way of –

Lower cost and power usage – Up to 50% savings on necessary parts and additional power savings for a more sustainable operation.

Optimized form factor – Smaller size and weight for a simpler installation.

Improved reliability – Fewer components, greatly increased MTBF – Mean Time Between Failures.

Cloud network management – Visibility, provisioning and orchestration throughout distributed infrastructure.

This integration is a major move forward for outdoor wireless radios in which space and power happen to be constrained. The Trinity platform now has functionality that used to call for multiple components, such as switching and quality of service – QoS, aggregation of several wireless links to boost capacity, high-speed data encryption for enhanced safety, and the exact timing needed for carrier-grade networks.

Such functions are usually executed in conventional radio architectures using large, power-hungry ASICs, including programmable logic devices (FPGAs). All of this is done directly in integrated hardware and software on the Trinity platform, which simplifies designs and maximises efficiency.

What this means for mobile network operators (MNOs)

Trinity offers simpler, lower-cost radios that provide rapid, dependable and scalable networks with a number of key differentiators –

Multi-link aggregation – Combines around four microwave wireless links in parallel, automatically adjusting to changing channel conditions.

Ruggedized functionality – Dependable operation from –40°C to +85°C designed for harsh environments.

Increased security – Integrated hardware-accelerated, fast encryption to have data integrity.

Opines Chief Technology Officer at Bharti Airtel, Randeep Sekhon, “Meeting the capacity demands of 5G while maintaining sustainable deployment costs requires a new level of integration and cost optimization in backhaul design. We appreciate MaxLinear’s focus and investment in these areas and look forward to the availability of next-generation optimized backhaul radio solutions.”

On May 14, 2026, the regulator announced modifications to its Rating of Properties for Digital Connectivity Regulations, 2024, in order to introduce an increasingly granular nine-level rating system, enabling under-construction projects to be awarded connectivity certifications in phases, and to increase transparency during the evaluation of telecom infrastructure.

The move comes on the back of comments provided by builders, digital connectivity rating agencies, and telecom operators, as well as property managers, during the initial deployment of the framework that pointed out shortcomings in rating differentiation and challenges in evaluating projects under construction in addition to the requirement for pre-rating infrastructure audits.

The modifications were required as a growing percentage of the country’s digital consumption happens within buildings, and the use of advanced construction materials and dense building designs frequently impedes telecom signals, particularly in higher-frequency 4G and 5G bands, TRAI said.

In its explanatory memorandum, the regulator stated that the digital connectivity rating framework is anticipated to incentivise property developers and managers to include sufficient digital connectivity infrastructure at the planning and building stages.

One of the most significant updates is the addition of half-star ratings, which takes the existing five-star system to a nine-tier one. The finer gradation will allow for greater distinction between properties and incentivise incremental enhancements in digital connectivity infrastructure as well as service quality, TRAI said.

The altered digital connectivity rating system for buildings rules also introduce a phased evaluation mechanism for projects under construction. In the process, Digital Connectivity Rating Agencies – DCRAs – may provide a Designed For certificate determined by authorised telecom infrastructure plans throughout construction and then a Installation Completed For certificate once the deployment of in-building telecom systems takes place. Then final ratings will be given only if telecom services are fully operational.

It is well to be noted that the mechanism will enable prospective buyers and tenants to evaluate the telecom readiness of a project prior to possession and enhance responsibility between the promises of developers as well as actual execution, said the regulator.

TRAI also introduced optional digital connectivity inspection for current properties so that managers of properties may review their existing telecom infrastructure, detect gaps and make necessary upgrades before officially applying for ratings.

The regulator also banned exclusive telecom arrangements between property managers and in-building solution providers as well as telecom operators, in order to ensure non-discriminatory access to telecom infrastructure and to enhance consumer choice in buildings.

Apparently, the revised framework encompasses commercial buildings, residential complexes, hospitals, hotels, airports, educational institutions, railway stations, highways, and metro corridors as well as stadiums, among many others.

The amendments have already entered into force from 13 May 2026.

Initially, the Orange Cyberdefense teams will be based in Madrid and Barcelona, with a dedicated local security centre – CyberSOC – so as to provide ongoing human-led surveillance and swift incident response in order to remain as close as practicable to the cybersecurity requirements of companies throughout Spain.

As Orange Cyberdefense ties with MasOrange, in the initial stage, 100 experts will be engaged to aid the development. Orange Cyberdefense will bring novel and customised solutions which are adapted to the size and budgetary constraints of every company while also relying on the extensive commercial network of MasOrange to tackle critical issues.

A study from Statista shows that in recent years Spain has been considered one of the most targeted countries in Europe, with 54% of companies experiencing a cyberattack. The Spanish cybersecurity market reached a projected €2.3 billion in 2025, with a growth rate of 10% and a highly competitive public sector which could bring in over €400 million in cybersecurity contracts in the years to come.

The EVP and CEO of Orange Cyberdefense, Hugues Foulon, says that “in the context of ongoing digital warfare, cybersecurity must be at the heart of every strategy. Cybersecurity is no longer just a necessary expense, but a pillar that transforms organizations and strengthens our economic resilience. As threats continue to intensify, Spanish companies need the support of a trusted partner – a market leader recognized for its 10 years of experience. Our entry into the Spanish market also illustrates the implementation of our strategic plan, ‘Trust the future,’ with the ambition for Orange Cyberdefense to achieve €2 billion in revenue by 2030 and to actively contribute to the essential European digital sovereignty of our businesses.”

According to the CEO of MasOrange, Meinrad Spenger, “Cybersecurity has become a top priority for our clients, including businesses, public sector organizations, and individuals. Thanks to MasOrange’s modern and advanced fiber and 5G connectivity infrastructure, combined with the expertise of a European leader like Orange Cyberdefense, we will create a unique market offering, establishing Orange Cyberdefense Spain as a benchmark in digital protection for customers across Spain.”

The advent of silk into strong plastic-like materials with 6G potential is also lightweight but more potent than many metal alloys and traditional plastics made from fossil fuels. Their mechanical characteristics could make them suitable for sports equipment, shipping containers and certain specialised packaging. In ballistic testing, the new materials were resilient to puncture, as carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers are utilised in the bodies of aeroplanes and automobile chassis. And the material degrades gradually when implanted in mice, which makes it potentially useful for temporary medical implants.

The scientists are especially excited about the way the material can twist, or polarise, terahertz frequencies of light. The 6G band extends to terahertz frequencies and can carry data much faster than 5G networks, hence making it especially appealing for high-speed internet in rural areas. Another way to encode the data is with a standard polarisation, and it might open up more channels, but the elliptical polarisations observed with the silk material are by no means usually so simple. By altering the temperature and pressure at which they pushed the silk into the plastic-like material, the team could optimise the amount of twist.

Says Nick Kotov, the Irving Langmuir Distinguished University Professor of Chemical Sciences and Engineering at U-M and a co-corresponding author of the study published in Nature Sustainability, “It’s difficult to engineer a material with terahertz optical activity that can rotate light while also being nearly transparent. This composite is unique in that it can do it for the frequencies that are essential for multiple future technologies. Typically, such bio-derived materials absorb terahertz light very strongly, so you get very little light out.”

Keeping the best elements of silk

It is well to be noted that the properties of the materials arise from the chemical structure of the silk. There are alternate areas of order and disorder. The fibers consist of long chains of a variety of amino acids. In some parts of the chain the amino acid sequence is random and goes on to form a distorted tangle. The amino acids in other parts of the chain also link in a pattern that repeats, and the chain folds neatly into twisted, crystalline sheets. Silk is durable and flexible, a blend of crystalline and unruly features.

According to Chunmei Li, a research assistant professor in biomedical engineering at Tufts University and a co-corresponding author of the study, “It’s surprisingly strong for something so flexible. By processing it, we can go beyond the capabilities of many other biomaterials.”

Heating the fibers to between 257 and 419 degrees Fahrenheit and 1900 and 9800 atmospheres of pressure goes on to evaporate water from the silk and fuses the tangled regions together in a single sheet without destroying the clean folds that occur inside the fibers.

Opines associate professor in multifunctional and sustainable polymer composites at Imperial College London and a lead author of the study, Emiliano Bilotti, silk has very interesting properties due to its hierarchical microstructure, with crystalline domains embedded in a complex multiscale architecture. We wanted to save as many of the pristine fibers as possible.”

In contrast to that, earlier attempts to make plastic-like materials derived from silk required dissolving the silk in a chemical solvent and processing it into a powder. Heating and pressing the powder generates materials more durable than traditional plastics, but much of the crystal structure is eliminated.

Minimizing waste in chemical and textile industries 

One of the reasons the team is working on this is to help cut waste within the fashion and textile industry.

“If you can retrieve very long threads, you can weave again, but when the fibers get shorter and shorter, there is no other way to recycle them than to dissolve them into a powder,” says Bilotti. He adds that “I never believed that was a sustainable solution.”

The new method does not need huge quantities of chemical solvents, salt and water, but just the boiling of the silk to eliminate the natural protein, known as sericin, that binds the fibers into threads. Even small fibers may be pressed into plates.

Says Li, “It can be a very simple, one-step process.”

The team is now looking into how to grow their production procedure to larger, more intricate shapes and lifecycle evaluations in order to measure the full environmental advantages. The researchers are also looking at how to include the fused silk into sensors and various other applications, while they are also seeking industrial and commercial partners in order to assist in scaling up the process and bringing the materials to market.

This research was backed by the U-M Center for Complex Particle Systems – COMPASS, a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, as well as the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and also Tufts Launchpad Accelerator funding.

Mobile communication technologies are usually created in 10-year cycles, with 6G projected to enter the market around 2030. The ministry has started to review spectrum resources as well as consult existing users of those frequencies, CNA reported.

By the end of 2026, the aim is to put forward a spectrum allocation plan. Spectrum – the radio frequency bands used to send wireless data is viewed as an essential asset for mobile broadband services, Nokia said.

According to the director of Ministry of Digital Affairs’ resource management department, Tseng Wen-fang, the ministry is aiming to mix satellite and non-terrestrial network technologies, in order to provide high-speed, low-latency connectivity to a wider range of destinations. Access to an appropriate spectrum in a timely way will be important in future implementation of 6G networks. The ministry is in charge of spectrum planning and management. Telecom operators must still get approval from Taiwan’s National Communications Commission and build base stations before they can launch services after winning spectrum in government auctions.

It can take over a year to go through the process, so it is important to start spectrum reviews as well as licensing preparations early, said Tseng. Internationally, there are several frequency bands that are emerging as top contenders for 6G development, Tseng said.

Taiwan’s planning will correspond to the world industry trend. Spectrum allocation must be in line with international standards, said Tseng so that devices will work smoothly across global markets.

It is well to be noted that the recent industry discussions on the planning on 6G wireless communications tech in Taiwan have been centred on the 7.125–8.4 gigahertz spectrum band, that has been viewed as a prospective cornerstone of future wireless connectivity. With demand for mobile data continuing to expand, 5G Americas and Qualcomm say the band could offer as much as 10-20 times the network capacity of the present 5G systems.

The OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation offers an important means to most effectively direct OCUDU development in support of 5G and initial AI-native 6G services by industry vendors.

NextNav will also work alongside the OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation community as a member to help mould the design, approval, and implementation of the 3GPP Positioning Reference Signal – PRS – within the Foundation’s OCUDU Technical Project codebase, enabling the open source RAN stack to fully support Integrated Sensing and Communications – ISAC – and PNT use cases in 5G as well as future 6G networks. NextNav brings almost 20 years of PNT technology creation, which includes field-proven experience from operating the first 5G PNT network in the world, launched in Santa Clara, California.

According to NextNav’s vice president of product development, Santanu Dasgupta, “Resilient PNT is a national security imperative. We’re excited to partner with the OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation and the Department of War’s FutureG office to make ISAC and PNT built-in features of wireless networks. Scaling this requires an open, trusted foundation the whole industry can build on. Joining OCUDU brings NextNav’s technology into a broader community, ensuring PRS-based ISAC and PNT become native capabilities in open source 5G and 6G networks.”

NextNav and the OCUDU Technical Project have integrated PRS features into an open source foundation to speed up a triple-purpose vision when it comes to public cellular, private wireless, as well as hybrid terrestrial/satellite networks as an alternative and backup to GPS.

SVP and general manager, Networking, Edge and IoT, the Linux Foundation, Arpit Joshiura says that “OCUDU EF was created to bring the industry together around open, secure, and interoperable CU/DU implementations for open source RAN. We’re pleased to welcome NextNav to the OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation and look forward to their contributions as we continue building a collaborative, vendor-neutral ecosystem that can accelerate real-world adoption of open source RAN infrastructure.”

One of the primary goals of the OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation is to develop a public-private commercial and research ecosystem and open-source stack for open source CU and DU, which is a part of the open source RAN targeting the delivery of the open source RAN infrastructure which will power AI-native networks of the future. This is exactly where the physical world and AI come into contact. As AI systems grow more dependent on accurate understanding of where and when things happen in the physical world, robust positioning and timing are rapidly evolving into a fundamental system. That reality is reflected in the OCUDU Ecosystem Foundation’s AI-native Open Source RAN roadmap that has in it open source 5G and 6G networks. The incorporation of PRS is an ideal match for enabling physical AI and integrated sensing, as well as AI-driven optimisation capacities that will safeguard public safety, national security, and the economy.